生物炭对施粪肥土壤中根际真菌群落多样性及相互作用的影响

Effect of Biochar Addition on the Diversity and Interaction of Rhizosphere Fungi in Manure-fertilized Soil

为了研究生物炭对施粪肥土壤中根际真菌群落结构及相互作用的影响,通过黑麦草盆栽试验,比较了添加2%生物炭处理和仅施粪肥条件下,根际真菌的群落演替及分子生态网络. Illumina MiSeq测序结果表明,添加生物炭处理与不添加生物炭的对照处理中真菌的α多样性指数(Shannon指数)无显著差异.两种处理情况下,子囊菌门(Ascomycota,59. 64%～84. 80%)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota,1. 90%～5. 87%)和接合菌门(Zygomycota,4. 34%～16. 11%)均为主要菌群.分子生态网络分析表明,相比不添加生物炭的对照组,添加生物炭后的土壤真菌群落具有更复杂的联系且显著增强了种间积极的相互作用(P <0. 05). Mantel检验分析表明,添加生物炭处理中植物根系与真菌丰度和种间相互作用显著相关(P=0. 001).植物根系是影响真菌丰度和相互作用关系的最重要的因素.

To study the effect of biochar addition on the community structure and interaction of rhizosphere fungi in manure-fertilized soil,a pot experiment with ryegrass（ Lolium perenne L.） was performed to assess community succession and the molecular ecological network of rhizosphere fungi with the addition of 2%（ w/w） biochar and manure-only treatments. The results of Illumina MiSeq sequencing indicated that there was no significant difference between the soil fungal α-diversity（ Shannon index） of the control group and that of the biochar group. Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,and Zygomycota were the dominant fungal phyla across all samples with relative abundances ranging from 59. 64% to 84. 80%,1. 90% to 5. 87%,and 4. 34% to 16. 11%,respectively. Molecular ecological network analysis indicated that fungal communities in the biochar treatment had more complex associations and significantly enhanced positive correlations compared to those of the control group（ P 0. 05）. Mantel test analysis indicated that plant root was significantly correlated with fungal abundance and community interactions in the biochar treatment（ P = 0. 001）. Plant root was the most important factor in altering fungal abundance and interactions.