上海市某看守所及拘留所育龄女性羁押人员生殖健康相关知识、态度及行为调查

Investigation on reproductive health related knowledge,attitude and behavior among women of childbearing age in a detention house and detention center in Shanghai

目的了解监管场所育龄女性羁押人员生殖健康相关知识知晓情况,为制定有效的健康干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用匿名问卷调查法,对所内育龄女性羁押人员进行生殖健康相关知识、态度及行为调查。结果共调查看守所及拘留所育龄女性羁押人员286人,根据是否有高危行为将其分为高危组(197人)和普通组(89人)。两组人员对生殖健康相关知识特别是性传播疾病知识及避孕节育和人流等问题知晓率较低,均小于50%。67.83%的调查对象最望获得生殖健康相关知识教育与咨询方面帮助,可望接受的服务方式以互联网和提供避孕药具为主,分别为27.27%和28.33%。高危组与普通组在生殖健康保健行为表现即生殖卫生习惯行为养成(43.65%,88.76%)和定期进行妇检(38.58%,76.40%)、求医行为表现如曾作过生殖健康咨询检测(41.12%,75.28%)和出现生殖系统感染症状就医(44.67%,65.17%)以及高危行为表现如意外怀孕(67.51%,42.69%)、做过人流(64.47%,50.53%)、有性病史(53.29%,31.46%)、注射吸毒史(57.87%,12.36%)、近1年发生不安全性行为(63.45%,35.96%)等方面比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论看守所及拘留所育龄女性羁押人员生殖健康相关知识知晓率较低,对不同人群需采取有针对性的健康干预措施,减少疾病传播。

[Objective]To investigate the situation of reproductive health related knowledge among women of childbearing age in detention places,provide a theoretical basis for developing effective health interventions. [Methods] An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the knowledge,attitude and behavior of reproductive health among women of childbearing age in a detention house and detention center. [Results] Totally 286 women of childbearing age in the detention house and detention center were investigated,and they were divided into high-risk group（197 persons） and common group（89 persons） according to whether they had high risk behaviors. The awareness rates of the reproductive health related knowledge of respondents in two groups were low,in especial the awareness rates of sexually transmitted diseases and contraception and abortion,which all were lower than 50%. 67.83% of respondents hope to get help from reproductive health related knowledge education and consultation.The acceptable services were internet and contraceptive devices,which was 27.27% and 28.33% respectively. There were statistically significant differences between the high-risk group and the common group in the performance of reproductive health care behavior such as the cultivation of habitual behavior of reproductive health（43.65%,88.76%）and regular gynecologic examination（38.58%,76.40%）,the performance of seeking medical treatment behavior such as having done reproductive health counseling and testing（41.12%,75.28%）,and the emergence of reproductive system infection symptoms（44.67%,65.17%）,and the performance of high risk behavior such as unwanted pregnancy（67.51%,42.69%）,abortion（64.47%,50.53%）,history of sexual illness（53.29%,31.46%）,history of injecting drug abuse（57.87%,12.36%） and unsafe sexual behavior in the past year（63.45%,35.96%）（all P〈0.01）.[Conclusion] The awareness rate of the reproductive health related knowledge among women of childbearing age in the detention house and detention center is not high,and targeted health interventions should be taken to reduce the spread of the disease.