论阿马尔那时代阿姆鲁的兴起

The Rise of Amurru in the Amarna Age

在古代西亚的文献中,"阿姆鲁"一词在不同时期有着不同的含义,到了公元前14世纪中叶,该词变成了一个政治实体的名称。在阿布迪·阿什尔塔及其子阿兹鲁的统治下,阿姆鲁不断侵占沿海地区国家的领土,最终变成了一个政治实体。不能把阿姆鲁的兴起归咎于埃及对北部疆土的忽视,而应该从阿马尔那体系中寻找原因。阿马尔那体系的非均质性特征、次级体系中核心对边缘的控制力逐级递减特性以及埃及的管理方式静态化特征才是阿姆鲁兴起的真正原因。

In the ancient West Asia literature,the word "Amurru" had different meanings in different periods.By the middle of the 14 th century BC,the word became a name for a political entity.Under the reign of Abdi-Ashirta and his son Aziru,Amurru eventually became a political entity by invading the territory of the countries in the coastal areas.The rise of Amurru cannot be attributed to Egypt's neglect of the northern territories.Instead,it should look for reasons in the Amarna system.The heterogeneity of the Amarna system,the power and influence of a core over peripheries wanes as the distance from the core increases in the sub-system,and the static nature of Egyptian the management over vassals led to the rise of Amurru.