太平洋战争期间美国日裔安置营报纸初探——刊行状况及宣传作用

On Japanese-American Relocation Camp Newspapers during the Pacific War——Their Publication and Propaganda

太平洋战争爆发后,美国政府决定将原先居住于西海岸的日裔居民迁移到内陆的十所重新安置营进行集中管制,这期间每所安置营均刊印报纸并对内发行。一方面,"报纸"发布的新闻由当局提供报道素材并由专门人员进行编辑;另一方面,"报纸"刊行前后必须经过审查并予以监管。"报纸"针对日裔提供了精神生活并展开了心理攻势,起到了传播美国文化和促进身份认同的作用,在某种程度上避免了日裔在被迁移管制期间爆发大规模骚乱暴动并使其总体呈现出忠诚于美国政府的行为特点。

After the outbreak of the Pacific War,Federal Government of the United States decided to forcibly removed the Japanese residents who had previously resided on the West Coast and confined to the ten Japanese Relocation Centers. During this period,each Relocation Centers published newspapers and issued to the inside.On the one hand,the news published by the newspaper is provided by the authorities and edited by specialists.On the other hand,the newspapers must be reviewed and supervised before and after publication. The "newspaper" for the Japanese implementation of the speech induction,providing a spiritual life and launched a psychological offensive,played a role in the dissemination of American culture and promote identity.To some extent,it avoids the Japanese in relocation period outbreak of a large-scale riots and its overall show of loyalty to the behavior of the US government.