宁夏某医院成人Epstein—Barr病毒感染情况

Epstein-Barr virus infection in adult patients in a hospital of Ningxia

目的 探讨宁夏某医院成人患者Epstein-Barr病毒（EBV）感染现状及其临床特点.方法 对2016年5月至2017年12月在宁夏医科大学总医院就诊的疑似EBV感染成人患者1955例进行回顾性分析,用实时荧光定量PCR检测外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）中的EBV DNA.结果 1955例疑似病例中,最终确认EBV感染538例,总阳性率为27.52％,阳性样本的平均病毒载量5.68×104拷贝/mL,男、女性阳性率分别为28.66％（331/1155）和25.88％（207/800）,差异无统计学意义（x^2=1.835,P〉0.05）.〉65岁年龄组阳性率最高,为37.39％（89/238）,各年龄段阳性率相比差异有统计学意义（x^2=25.411,P〈0.05）.EBV感染者可见于各类科室,主要来源于感染科204例（37.92％）,放疗科126例（23.42％）,肿瘤内科53例（9.86％）.各科室间EBV感染阳性率比较差异有统计学意义（x^2=37.858,P〈0.01）.临床诊断以鼻咽癌（19.52％）、慢性活动性肝炎（12.08％）、淋巴瘤（9.48％）为主,临床表现以发热（10.78％）、肝功能异常（8.55％）为主.结论 EBV感染成人患者在性别、年龄、病毒载量、临床科室分布、临床诊断及表现方面不完全相同,EBV DNA检测有助于诊断.

Objective To investigate the status and clinical features of Epstein-Barr virus （EBV） infection in adult patients in a hospital of Ningxia. Methods A total of 1955 adult patients with suspected EBV infection in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were analyzed during May 2016 to December 2017, and EBV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results There were 538 adult patients with EBV infection and the positive rate was 27.52% . The viral load of positive specimens was 5.68×104 copies/mL. The positive rates of male and female samples were 28.66% （331/1155） and 25.88% （207/800） respectively, and the difference had no statistical significance （x^2=1.835, P〉0.05）. The positive rate of the elderly group 〉 65 years old （37.39%, 89/238） was the highest, which was significantly different from other groups（x^2=25.411, P〈0.05）. EBV infection could be seen in various departments, with 204 cases（37.92%） in infection department,126 cases （23.42%） in radiotherapy department, and 53 cases（9.86%） in oncology department. The positive rates of EBV infection among these departments had statistically significant differences （x^2=37.858, P〈0.01）. The main clinical diagnoses were nasopharyngeal carcinoma （19.52%）, chronic active hepatitis（12.08%） and lymphoma（9.48%）, while the main clinical manifestations were fever （10.78%） and abnormal liver function（8.55%）. Conclusions Adult patients with EBV infection are not exactly the same in gender, age, viral load, clinical department distribution, clinical diagnosis and performance. It is helpful for disease diagnosis to detect EBV DNA.