数据视野下的互联网平台市场支配地位认定与规制

The Anti-Trust Analysis of Abuse of Dominant Positions of Internet Platform

互联网平台是以追求经济规模与多边效应等为目标的多边市场。数据争夺是互联网平台竞争的核心要素。互联网平台市场支配地位认定应以数据控制力与延展性为核心。在规制互联网平台的市场支配地位方面,现行规则忽视了其双边市场特征,忽略了平台的数据控制力对竞争的影响,导致在互联网平台市场力与行为反竞争效果认定上存在偏差。互联网平台经济的相关市场应为数据市场,平台经济反垄断机制的构建需关注行为对数据市场的影响,回归结构主义范式,重视市场结构变化对竞争的影响。在反竞争效果认定上,需重视平台的开放性与延展性特征,对掠夺性定价、搭售以及拒绝交易等行为的反竞争效果需结合互联网平台的双边市场特征以及商业模式现状进行分析。

Regarding the abuse of dominant market position regulation of the Internet platform, the existing rules ignore the characteristics of their bilateral markets, resulting in deviations in the determination of Internet platform market forces and anti-competitive behavioral effects. The construction of an anti-competitive mechanism for Internet platforms needs to weaken the recognition of relevant markets, return to the structuralist paradigm, and attach importance to the influence of changes in market structure on the defnition of market power of the Internet platform. In the determination of anti-competitive effects, the openness and extensibility characteristics of the platform must be taken into account. The anti-competitive effects of predatory pricing, tying, and refusal to trade must be combined with the analysis of the bilateral market characteristics of the Internet platform and the current business model.