生态系统服务与景观格局集成研究综述

Integration of ecosystem services and landscape pattern:A review

生态系统服务是综合科学和政策应用的有效工具,可用于应对人类干扰下的景观和生态系统服务的快速退化等复杂生态环境问题。综述生态系统服务与景观格局集成的学科发展、基础理论和模型开发的进展与存在的问题,建立可用的集成建模框架,并提出知识集成的概念框架:1)在要素层,"政策-决策—景观—生态系统服务—社会经济系统"的跨学科知识反馈环是集成理论基础; 2)在模型层,结构化、多层次的集成模拟模型是核心方法; 3)在数据层,多源数据集成是模拟模型的数据基础。集成生态系统服务与景观格局为区域生态环境治理实践提供了科学参考,能更好地应对生态系统服务科学与应用的挑战。

Ecosystem services can be used as an effective tool for integrating science and policy research and to address complex ecological problems （ such as rapid degradation of different landscape types and ecosystem services） as a result of human disturbances. This study summarizes an trend of recent studies in the field of ecosystem services models, including the basic disciplines, the fundamental theories, the types of integrated simulation models and related limitations, which showed that the integrated modeling framework were still obscure in the field of ecosystem services and landscape patterns. Based on this review from the perspective of systems science, a conceptual framework was proposed for this field. The framework was described by three synergetic dimensions, including an interactive layer of different system elements, a model layer, and a data layer. The main results are as follows ： 1 ） the interdisciplinary knowledge feedback loop of ＂policy- decision process-landscape-ecosystem service-socioeconomic system＂ is the theoretical basis of the system elements layer in the field of integration theory; 2 ） the integrated simulation model is and will be the core tool in the model layer for methodology development; and 3 ） the integration of multi-source and long time-series data is a fundamental research to support the development and application of integrated model. The integration of ecosystem services and landscape patterns can provide scientific support for regional eco-environmental governance and also can be used to cope with the challenges of ecosystem service science and application in the future.