汞离子传感器检测技术研究进展

The Development of Sensors for the Detection of Hg^(2+)

在所有对环境造成污染的重金属离子中,Hg^(2+)是最常见的一种。在大气沉降和海洋环流的作用下,Hg^(2+)进入淡水或海洋。经过食物链的生物放大作用,最终给人类的生命健康造成威胁。因此,实现Hg^(2+)的快速、灵敏检测对环境保护和人类健康具有重要意义。介绍了环境中Hg^(2+)的来源、转化及其对人类健康的影响,并以Hg^(2+)与荧光分子、纳米粒子、脱氧核酶、抗体、蛋白质、转基因微生物等不同物质相互作用的性质为分类依据,综述了目前主流的Hg^(2+)的检测方法,为实现Hg^(2+)的快速检测提供方法依据。

Of all the heavy metals that contaminate the soil and water,Hg^2＋ is the most common one. Atmospheric deposition and ocean circulation of Hg^2＋ result in its entering into fresh water and ocean. With biological accumulation through food web,Hg^2＋ consequentially riskshuman health. Therefore,the rapid and sensitive detection of Hg^2＋ is central to the environmental monitoring and human health. This reviewdemonstrates the origin,biotransformation of Hg^2＋ and its effects on human health,and summarizes the mainstream methods of detecting Hg^2＋based on its interaction properties with other substances,including fluorescence molecules,nanoparticles,DNAzyme,antibodies,proteins,and transgenic microorganisms, in order to provide a basis for rapid detection of Hg^2＋.