金属-有机骨架介导的功能核酸检测技术研究进展

Research Progress on Metal-organic Framework-mediated Functional Nucleic Acid Detection Technology

金属-有机骨架(Metal-Organic Frameworks,MOFs)也称为配位聚合物(Coordination polymers,CPs),是由金属离子或金属簇与有机连接配体在相对温和的条件下自组装形成的一种晶体分子功能材料。其具有超高的孔隙率,优异的结构可调性,巨大的内部表面积,结构多样性,高的化学稳定性和强大的热稳定性等特点;已被应用于化工、医药等各个领域。目前,将MOFs与功能核酸(Functional nucleic acids,FNA)结合制备生物传感器应用于检测技术领域的相关研究主要集中在荧光生物传感器和电化学生物传感器这两大类,其他类型生物传感器鲜有报道。另外MOFs的制备也逐渐趋于小型化以提高它的相关性能。综述了近年来MOFs介导的功能核酸生物传感器研究情况,讨论了MOFs介导的功能核酸检测技术在应用研究中的实际意义及其存在的问题。对该项技术的发展前景,可能面临的机遇及挑战进行了展望,期望能促进MOFs介导的功能核酸检测技术在实际应用中的发展。

Metal-Organic Frameworks（MOFs）are also known as Coordination Polymers（CPs）. They are crystalline molecular functional material that are composed of metal ions or metal clusters and organic ligands and formed under relatively mild conditions. It has thecharacteristics of high porosity,excellent structural adjustability,huge internal surface area,structural diversity,high chemical stabilityand strong thermal stability. It has been used in various fields such as chemical engineering and medicine. At present,the research on thecombination of MOFs and Functional Nucleic Acids（FNA）in the field of detection technology mainly focuses on two kinds of fluorescencebiosensors and electrochemical biosensors,and other types of biosensors have rarely been reported. In addition,the preparation of MOFs hasalso become increasingly miniaturized to improve its performance. In this paper,the recent progress on MOFs-mediated functional nucleicacid biosensors is reviewed. The practical significance and problems of MOFs-mediated functional nucleic acid detection technology in appliedresearch are discussed. The prospects for the development of the technology,the opportunities and challenges it may face are prospected,and it is aimed that it will further promote the practical application of the MOFs-mediated functional nucleic acid detection technology.