《布雷伯夫的幽灵》：基于莎剧叙述的印第安史诗戏剧

Shakespearen Narrative in Brébeuf's Ghost

在《布雷伯夫的幽灵》中,印第安剧作家丹尼尔·大卫·摩西将莎剧《麦克白》的幽灵叙事引入北美印第安历史和仪式文化之中,构建了一部基于莎剧结构的印第安史诗叙述。透过传教士布雷伯夫的幽灵、部族中"食人魔"的传说及"休伦大逃亡"事件,该剧不仅揭露了欧洲殖民者宗教狂热背后的"食人性",同时也通过仪式文化,再现了印第安人的精神世界及诗学信仰——剧中的休伦人大迁移不仅是一次生死攸关之际的亡命之旅,更是一部通过口述故事讲述部落延存的印第安版"出埃及记"。

Written by Native American playwright Daniel David Moses,Brébeuf ＇s Ghost,a tale of the history and ritual culture of American Indians,is a unique epic play based on the narrative structure of the ghost in Macbeth.Through the depictions of Brébeuf＇s ghost,Windigo in Algonquin folklore and Hurons＇ great journey of escape in 1649,the play reveals the cannibalistic nature of Jesuit missionaries in the colonialization of North American natives,and celebrates the shaman faith reflected in their tribal rituals.The great journey of Hurons is more than a journey of escape from the massacre of Iroquoians,like the Exodus,it is a poetic story of the survival of the indigenous culture in the face of colonial oppression.