海洋渔业管理理念的演进路径

Evolution Path of Marine Fisheries Management Idea

通过梳理国内外海洋渔业管理理念的研究文献,对海洋渔业管理理念的演进路径进行归纳分析,旨在为优化我国渔业管理制度提供借鉴意义。研究表明,海洋渔业管理理念的发展可以分为五个阶段,即开放准入阶段、投入管理阶段、产出管理阶段、组织制度优化阶段以及基于生态系统的渔业管理理念。开放准入阶段、投入管理阶段和产出管理阶段的管理目标聚焦经济层面,探讨如何从经济效益角度开发利用渔业资源。在组织制度优化管理阶段则将社会因素融合于渔业资源开发利用过程中,生态系统的渔业管理理念则进一步融入生态因素,基于生态系统的渔业管理是目前海洋渔业管理的热点。研究表明,未来海洋渔业管理的研究重点将是管理区域生态系统边界的界定方法、海洋系统状态及海洋环境质量信息的收集与分析,以及管理制度实施方案的制定。

By reviewing the research literature of domestic and international marine fishery management concepts,this paper summarizes the evolution path of marine fishery management concepts and provides reference for the optimization of China＇s fishery management system. Research shows that the development of marine fishery management concepts have five parts, namely, open access stage, input management stage, output management stage,organization system optimization stage,and ecosystem-based fishery management concept. The management objectives of the open access stage,input management stage,and output management stage focus on the economic aspect and discuss how to develop and utilize fishery resources from the perspective of economic benefits. In the organization system optimization stage, social factors are integrated into the development and utilization of fishery resources. The fishery management concept of the ecosystem is further integrated into the ecological factors. Fisheries management based on the ecosystem is the current hot spot in marine fishery management. It shows that the research focus of marine fisheries management in the future will be the definition of the boundary of the ecosystem in the management area, the collection and analysis of the state of the marine system and the quality of the marine environment, and the formulation of the implementation plan for the management system.