菜地长波紫外线杀虫灯下昆虫多样性研究

Researches of the Diversity of Insects in Vegetable Fields with the Long-Wave Ultraviolet Insect-Trapping Lamp

采用市售长波紫外线太阳能LED杀虫灯对重庆露地种植模式下菜地趋光性昆虫进行诱捕试验,共捕集昆虫样本35科42种.明确了重庆露地种植模式下菜地长波紫外线灯下趋光性昆虫以鳞翅目Lepidoptera数量最多,其次是双翅目Diptera和鞘翅目Coleoptera,长波紫外线灯下优势种为摇蚊科Chironomidae莲藕潜叶摇蚊Stenochironomus nelumbus及螟蛾科Pyralidae甜菜白带野螟Hymenia recurvalis.从物种数来看,捕集到的昆虫以鞘翅目种类最多,其次是鳞翅目和半翅目Hemiptera.此外,双翅目昆虫优势集中性指数始终维持在较高水平,仅在2017年8月出现明显下降,达到最低值0.590 0.调查期间大部分时段菜地长波紫外线灯下昆虫物种组成达相似水平,其中以2016年8月与9月相似性水平最高,为0.837 8.从相异性指数来看,2016年6月与11月昆虫物种相异性最大,为0.729 7.

Phototactic insects in an open vegetable field were trapped with a long-wave ultraviolet（UV）light-emitting diode（LED）insect-trapping lamp in Chongqing.A total of 42 phototactic insect species belonging to 35 families were collected.Lepidoptera was the main order trapped by the light,followed by the orders Diptera and Coleoptera.Stenochironomus nelumbus of Chironomidae and Hymenia recurvalis of Pyralidae were the dominant species.The order Coleoptera had the greatest numer of the species trapped,followed in sequence by Lepidoptera and Hemiptera.The dominant concentration index of Diptera generally stayed in a fairly high level,but dropped sharply in August in 2017 to its lowest level（0.590 0）.Besides,the similarity index was the highest at 0.837 8 between August and September in 2016.The dissimilarity index was the highest at 0.729 7 between June and November in 2016.