国内护士社会支持和心理健康关系的Meta分析

Relationship between social support and mental health among nurses in China：a Meta- analysis

目的探讨护士社会支持和心理健康的关系，了解潜在调节变量，为提高护士的心理健康水平提供一定的理论依据。方法检索中国知网、维普和万方数据库及中国优秀硕博论文数据库，筛选以中国护士为研究对象，采用社会支持评定量表（SSRS）测量社会支持、症状自评量表（SCL-90）测量心理健康，并分析了两者关系的相关文献，共25篇文献（包含25个独立样本，4747名护士）纳入研究，使用亚组分析和Meta回归探讨社会支持与心理健康的总体效应值以及影响两者关系的可能调节变量。结果护士社会支持与SCL-90分数呈负相关（r=-0．17，95％CI-0．24--0．09，P〈0．01），其中，客观支持与SCL-90分数的相关高于主观支持、支持利用度的相关（r=-0．20、-0．15、-0．13，p=13．45，P〈0．01）。此外，社会支持与心理健康的关系受到出版类型、出版年代及地域的调节作用。结论国内护士社会支持与心理健康的关系密切，二者关系受到相关因素的调节作用。同时，客观支持与心理健康的关系比主观支持、支持利用度更密切。

Objective To explore the overall relationship between social support and mental health among Chinese nurses and analyze potential moderators and provide a theoretical basis for improving nurses＂ mental health level. Methods The CNKI database, CQVIP, WAN-FANG DATA and China Outstanding Dissertations Database were searched for literature, in which the social support rating scale （SSRS, measured social support） and self-rating symptom scale （SCL-90, measured mental health） was used to investigate the correlation of social support and mental health in Chinese nurses. A total of 25 articles （including 25 independent samples, 4747 nurses） met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed by meta-analysis and meta- regression. Results The overall mean effect size calculation showed a significant negative correlation between social support and depression among Chinese nurses （r =-0.17, 95%CI =-0. 24 - -0.09, p 〈 0.01）. In the following analysis, the objective support, compared with subjective support and utilization degree, was more strongly correlated with SCL-90 （r =-0.20,-0.15,-0.13, Q =13.45, p 〈 0.01）. In addition, the relationship could be influenced by factors such as age, publishing type, publishing age and region. Conclusions The social support is closely related to mental health in Chinese nurses, and the relationship could be influenced by the related factors. At the same time, the relationship between objective support and mental health is more closely related than subjective support and support utilization.