环境规制作用下污染就近转移的机制分析——来自地级市层面实证研究

The Mechanism Analysis of Environmental Regulation Causing Industrial Pollution to Transfer Nearby: Evidence from Chinese Cities

文章对工业污染的空间外溢机制进行了探讨,采用2003—2016年地级市及以上城市层面的数据,运用空间SDM、SDEM与SLX计量模型,对环境规制造成的工业污染的空间外溢效应进行了识别和测度,并对这一外溢效应随地理距离变化的模式进行分析,在此基础上对环境规制与工业污染的因果传导机制进行了探讨。结果证实环境规制确实能够降低本地的环境污染排放,相邻地区环境规制的加强会造成本地环境污染水平的提高。虽然环境规制的确会造成工业污染转移,但是这种环境规制造成环境污染的空间外溢效应存在明显的有界性和衰减性,并且在150千米达到峰值。进而佐证环境规制的确会造成环境污染的就近转移。此外,还对影响地区环境污染空间外溢的因素进行了效应分解,进而分析环境规制作用下污染就近转移的逻辑机制和影响因素,并在此基础上提出政策建议。

This paper discusses the spatial spillover mechanism of industrial pollution. Based on the data of the prefecture city level and above from 2003 to 2016, this paper uses spatial SDM, SDEM and SLX econometric models to identify and measure the spatial spillover effects of industrial pollution caused by environmental regulation, and analyzes the pattern of the spillover effect along with the change of geographical distance, then the causal transmission mechanism of environmental regulation and industrial pollution is discussed. The article confirms that the local environmental regulation can reduce the local environmental pollution emission, and the enhancement of the environmental regulation in the nearby areas will result in the increase of the local environmental pollution level. Although environmental regulation does result in the transfer of industrial pollution, such environmental regulation has led to significant boundedness and attenuation of the space overflow of environmental pollution, and peaks at 150 kilometers. Thus, a strong support is given that the environmental regulation does result in a close transfer of environmental pollution. In addition, the effects of environmental pollution in the region are decomposed, and the logic mechanism and factors are analyzed under the action of environmental regulation. Finally, the policy recommendations are made based on this research.