基于离子色谱法的水中四种阴离子测定研究

Determination of Four Anions in Water by Ion Chromatography

生活饮用水中含有大量的无机阴离子,如硫酸盐、硝酸盐、氯化物以及氟化物等,这些无机阴离子因工业排放,给当地的生态环境带来巨大的压力。通过研究发现,在部分地区,或多或少存在离子超标的情况。根据我国对生活饮用水的卫生标准,水质中阴离子的限定值为:硫酸盐≤250mg/L、硝酸盐(以N计)≤10 mg/L、氯化物≤250 mg/L、氟化物≤1.0 mg/L。因此,为了了解水中硫酸盐、硝酸盐和氯化物以及氟化物等无机阴离子在水中的含量,必须对饮用水进行详细的检测。实验室对无机阴离子,例如硫酸盐、硝酸盐和氯化物以及氟化物等检测的方法是传统化学法和离子色谱法。传统化学法也包含包括铬酸钡分光光度法(热法)、麝香草酚分光光度法、硝酸银容量法等;离子色谱法可以同一时间检测出这四种无机阴离子的优势。对此,提出了采用离子色谱法对水中的不同阴离子进行检测,并对其操作条件进行了优化。

There are plenty of inorganic anions in drinking water, such as sulfate, nitrate, chloride and fluoride. These inorganic anions bring great pressure to the local ecological environment because of industrial emission. The study found that there were some ionic excess problems in some areas. According to the hygienic standard of drinking water in China, the limited value of anions in water is as follows： sulfate less than 250 mg/L, nitrate（N） less than 10 mg/L, chloride less than 250 mg/L, fluoride less than 1.0 mg/L. Therefore, in order to understand the content of inorganic anions in water, such as sulfate, nitrate, chloride and fluoride in water, the drinking water must be examined in detail. There are two methods for the detection of inorganic anions, such as sulfate, nitrate, chloride and fluoride, including the traditional chemical method and the ion chromatography. The traditional chemical method also contains many kinds of ways, including barium chromate spectrophotometry（thermal method）, thymol spectrophotometric method and silver nitrate volumetric method and so on. The ion chromatography can detect four inorganic anions at the same time. In this paper, the ion chromatography was used to detect different anions in water, and the detecting conditions were optimized.