深化土地制度改革,扩大居民消费需求

Deepening The Land System Reform And Expanding The Consumer Demand

居民消费需求不足是制约中国经济由出口导向型向内需拉动型转变的重要因素。导致居民消费需求不足的直接原因,一是各线城市房价全面上涨,二是真实城镇化水平低且增速下降,三是农民增收困难。而这一系列问题则根源于现行城乡二元土地制度。因此,要从根本上扩大居民消费需求,必须深化土地制度改革,让市场在土地资源配置中起决定性作用,优化人口土地的空间配置;放宽对农地入市的限制,构建城乡统一的建设用地市场;赋予农民宅基地完整的用益物权,扩大农民获取财产收益的渠道;允许增减挂钩指标跨村际省际交易,在全国范围内实现城乡建设用地的有效配置;消除农地规模经营的制度性障碍,加快农业转移人口的市民化。同时,对土地修法作顶层设计,消除各项法律规章之间的矛盾。

Insufficient consumer demand restricts the transformation of China＇s economy from export-oriented to domestic demand and sustained and stable development. The overall increase in housing prices leading to a continuous rise in the debt ratio of the residential sector,a low level of real urbanization rate and a slowdown in growth,and difficulties in increasing farmers＇ income are the three main direct causes of insufficient consumer demand. The root cause of the problem is the current urban-rural dual land system. Therefore,in order to fundamentally expand the consumption demand of residents,it is necessary to deepen the reform of the land system,let the market play a decisive role in the allocation of land resources,and optimize the spatial allocation of population land. Relax the restrictions on the entry of rural land into the market,and build a unified urban construction land market. Give the peasants a complete use of property rights,and expand the channels for farmers to obtain property income Allow the increase and decrease of linked indicators across inter-village and inter-provincial transactions,and nationwidely allocate the urban and rural construction land. Eliminate institutional barriers to the scale operation of agricultural land,and accelerate the urbanization of agricultural transfer population. At the same time,improve the top-level design of the land laws and eliminate the contradiction between various laws and regulations.