卜凯视阈下的1931年江淮流域水灾调查

The Flood Investigation in the Yangtze Huaihe River Basin in 1931 in the Perspective of John Losing Buck

卜凯采用样本采样与农户采访相结合的调查方法,对1931年江淮流域6省90县农家的受灾农田、役畜、房屋、死亡与流离人口等方面进行调查。通过对降雨量、水利设施以及人民生活居住习惯等方面的分析,对水灾产生的原因进行剖析,并提出诸如建立农产预测报告机构、设立常设调查机构以及防灾保险等方面的建议。此次调查呈现出调查范围广、调查内容全面以及调查人员专业化程度高的特点,并形成"户—村—县"三级调查体系,但仍存在诸如缺乏对重灾区、城市受灾情况以及排洪等方面调查的不足。

Buck uses the sample and farmer＇s interview to investigate the affected farmland, draft animal, housing, deaths, and displaced population of farmers in 90 counties of 6 provinces in Yangtze-Huaihe river basin in 1931.Through the analysis of rainfall, water conservancy facilities and people＇s living habits and other aspects, he dissects the cause of this flood, and makes some suggestions, such as the establishment of the fore- cast report organization for agricultural production, the establishment of a permanent investigation organization and the disaster prevention and insurance. This investigation has some characteristics,The scope of the investigation is wide and the content is comprehensive and th also forms the three level survey system from household e degree of specialization of investigators is high.And it to village to county.However, there are still deficiencies such as lack of investigation into the disaster stricken area, urban disaster situation and flood discharge.