再谈《伤寒论》脉学

Further discussion on sphygmology established by ZHANG Zhong-jing in Shanghan Lun

张仲景之《伤寒论》脉学是张仲景运用脉法、通过脉诊,研究脉象。目前,研究《伤寒论》脉学者甚多,多遵《黄帝内经》《难经》《脉经》《濒湖脉学》,重脉理而轻脉术。所谓"切而知之谓之巧",脉诊作为一项具有技巧性与可操作性的中医特色诊断技术,切忌轻实践而重理论,其导致的后果便是"心中了了,指下难明"。张仲景诊脉皆为临床脉,分别从脉位、脉法、脉象三方面来考察。通过整理《伤寒论》中151条脉象相关原文,分析"脉与证、病、治"的关系,以期研究《伤寒论》脉学规律,为现代中医临床提供借鉴。

ZHANG Zhong-jing used pulse method and pulse diagnosis to study pulse condition, then he established the sphygmology in Shanghan Lun. Now, there are many scholars researching ZHANG Zhong-jing＇s sphygmology. Abiding by Huangdi Neijing, Nan Jing, Mai Jing, Binhu Maixue of the most, they all pay attention to the pulse theory instead of the pulse technology. What is known is ＇pulse-taking and feeling are clever＇. Pulse diagnosis, as a technical and operable diagnostic technique with traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） characteristics, should not emphasize theory while neglecting practice. The consequence is that ＇clear in mind but obscure under finger＇. Investigating from position, method, and manifestation severally, ZHANG Zhong-jing＇s sphygmologyis based on clinical. Through putting the related pulse text in order of 151 items in Shanghan Lun, the article analyzed the relationship between the pulse and the syndrome, disease, and treatment, in order to research the rule of Shanghan Lun sphygmology, and to provide references to the clinical practice of modern Chinese medicine.