论宋徽宗《圣济经》坎离致用,啬精守神的心肾观

Discussion medical theory of heart and kidney based on relationship of kan trigram and li trigram, essence and spirit of emperor SONG Hui-zong's Sheng Ji Jing

宋徽宗《圣济经》从天地阴阳、坎离水火的哲学角度深刻阐释了精神、心肾的形而上与形而下,认为精神生于道,在卦象上合于坎离,脏腑上寓于心肾,建构了精神-坎离-水火-心肾的关系模型。人以肾为本,肾与命门相合,为一水一石之道。精与神过用则竭,肾以悭为事,精神的保养须啬肾藏精,定心守静,心肾关系上注重交媾坎离、水火既济。《圣济经》心肾相交与肾本元思想为金元以后肾命学说的形成奠定了基础,亦为藏象学术发展做出重要贡献。

Emperor SONG Hui-zong＇s book Sheng Ji Jing explained the metaphysical and the physical relationship between the essence and spirit, heart and kidney, based on the philosophy of relationship of yin and yang, kan trigram and li trigram, constructed a model of the essence and spirit-kan trigram and li trigram-water and fire-heart and kidney relationships. This book believed that kidney was the foundation of a human. The combination of kidney and the vital gate was just like the Tao of the relational between water and stone. When the essence and spirit were used much, they would be exhausted. The nature of the kidney was miserly. Nourishing kidney essence, calming the heart and tranquilizing the mind was very important for the spiritual health care. The intersection of kan trigram and li trigram, water and fire should be paid attention to the relationship between the heart and kidney. Sheng Ji Jing＇s thought of heart-kidney intersection and kidney-origin laid the foundation for the formation of the theory of kidney and vital gate after the Jin and Yuan dynasty and made important contributions to the development of the theory of visceral outward manifestation.