明清时期大理地区的移民与村落社区

Immigrants and village community in Dali during the Ming and Qing dynasties

明清时期,大理地区因中央政府的屯田政策及经济社会发展的带动,大规模的移民开始在大理地区定居及繁衍,形成了多民族分布与多姓杂居的村落形态。新的村落形态、权力结构、公共空间及信仰生成,移民以相同的文化而不同的聚集模式重构聚居地的生活。多姓杂居的村落形态,使村落的权力结构、庙宇与公共组织相对开放多元,维持着其独特的生产、生活秩序,呈现明清时期大理地区的村落社会时态及国家权力的运作、多民族的交融对边疆基层社会所产生的影响。

During the Ming and Qing dynasties,due to the Central Government＇s policy of land reclamation as well as the local socio-economic development,a large number of immigrants began to settle and reproduce in Dali,forming a new kind of villages inhabited by different families from different ethnic groups. New village forms,power structures,public spaces and beliefs emerged. The immigrants reconstructed their life in the new settlements with the same culture but different aggregation patterns. Such village pattern with different families surviving with their typical family-names made the village＇s power structure,temples and public organizations relatively open and diverse,and maintained its unique production mode and lifestyle,a mirror of the integrated influence of the typical village pattern,the state power and the ethnic fusion on the local society in Dali during the Ming and Qing dynasties.