科学类与科学教育类硕士生科学教育目的观差异的现象图析学研究

A Comparison of the Conceptions of Science Education Aims of Two Types of Masters: A Phenomenographic Research

教师队伍拥有硕士学历教师比例的增多,表明我国教师队伍建设初见成效。但是,仍需对这一现象进行冷静思考,分析不同类型可能成为教师的硕士生之间可能存在的差异。采用混合研究方法对科学类和科学教育类硕士生的科学教育目的观进行比较,质性研究结果表明,科学类硕士生更加关注知识传递和科研人才培养,而科学教育类硕士生更加关注能力与方法、情感与态度、思维与观念等。量化研究结果表明,科学类硕士生的教师中心倾向与策略更加明显,对科学教育目的观中知识与促进社会发展维度的影响更加显著。上述差异可能源于两类硕士生的培养模式。为进一步提升我国教师队伍的专业化水平,用人单位需要在选拔教师的过程中制定合理的选拔标准,不应只关注教师的学历。非师范类高校应该在入学阶段对学生的求职意向进行调查,为有意向成为教师的学生开设教育理论与实践类相关课程。

The number of teachers who have master degree going up shows that teachers team constructing is working. At the same time we should keep calm thinking on this phenomena and analyze different kinds of masters' possible differences. Through mixed method to compare science and science education masters' differences of understanding of science education aims,the results of qualitative research showed that science masters pay more attention to transmitting science knowledge and cultivating scientific manpower. While science education masters focus on cultivating students' capacities,emotion and conceptions. The results of quantitative research showed that science masters' teacher-center inclination and strategy were more obvious which effect on the dimensions of science knowledge and society within science education aims were more relevant. The differences mentioned above maybe origin from cultivation model. In order to promote the professional level of teacher team,employer need to set down appropriate choosing standard,rather than only focusing on educational attainment. Non-normal university should investigate students' career objective in the stage of entrance and open courses on educational theory and practice for those students who want to be a teacher after graduation.