美国一流大学商业R&D经费投入对教学科研影响的实证研究——基于2010-2015年的面板数据分析

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Business R&D Funds on Teaching and Research in the First Class Universities of US

使用2010-2015年美国一流大学的商业R&D经费、大学科研产出、本科教学成果的面板数据,结合固定效应分析模型,实证分析了美国一流大学商业科研经费投入对科研成果产出和本科教学质量的影响机制。研究结果表明:科研方面,美国大学商业R&D经费的增加对科研产出具有显著的促进作用;教学质量方面,尽管商业科研经费与本科教学成果的质量相关性并不显著但它会对本科教学过程的质量产生正负两方面效应。因此,在我国一流大学建设的进程中可以适当扩大商业R&D经费在研发经费中的占比,但同时也要注意协调大学学术属性与商业市场化之间的关系。

This study uses the 2010-2015 panel data of American first class universities＇ business R＆D funds, research output, undergraduate teaching achievements and the fixed effect model. We empirically analyze the influence mechanism of the business R＆D funds on the research output and the quality of undergraduate teaching in the first class universities of US. The research results show that the increase of business R＆D funds in American universities can promote the research output. In terms of teaching quality, although the correlation between business R＆D funds and the undergraduate teaching result is not significant, it will have positive and negative effects on the quality of undergraduate teaching process. Therefore, we can expand the proportion of business R＆D funds appropriately in the process of building first class universities in China, but also pay attention to the relationship between academic attribute and commercial marketization.