酪蛋白作为药物纳米递送载体的研究进展

Progress in research of casein as a nanocarrier for drug delivery

目前关于酪蛋白在纳米生物技术中的应用得到了广泛研究,酪蛋白独特的结构和物理化学性质有助于它成为新型的药物递送载体。本文介绍了酪蛋白的组成与胶束结构,并对基于酪蛋白的纳米药物递送载体的研究现状和进展进行了综述。载体形式包括自组装酪蛋白胶束、β-酪蛋白胶束、化学交联纳米粒和酶促交联纳米粒,利用酪蛋白纳米载体使生物活性分子的释放作用和生物可利用度得到改善。酪蛋白纳米粒的功能受其组成和灵活构象的控制,对高温、紫外线、高压及酶消化等外部环境的改变具有稳定性,保障了负载生物活性物质的作用活性。酪蛋白的两亲性和自组装特性实现了对疏水性药物的包载和递送,在生物医药领域具有广泛的应用前景。

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in application of casein, casein possesses a number of superior functional qualities and physicochemical properties that make it a good candidate for novel drug delivery systems. This article reviews composition and micellar structures of casein, along with the research progress of casein-based nano-drug delivery carriers. Casein-based drug delivery systems include： self-assembling casein micelles, β-casein micelles, chemical-crosslinking nanoparticles and enzymatic-crosslinking nanoparticles, which can improve the release and bioavailability of the bioactive molecules. Functional performances of casein are governed by their composition and flexible conformation, show stability in response to various environmental conditions such as heat, UV, high pressure, and enzymic digestion can be successfully adapted in delivering bioactives. The amphiphilic and self-assembling properties of casein enable the entrapment and delivery of hydrophobic drugs. It can be concluded that casein-based formulations are promising materials for controlled hydrophobic drug delivery.