幼年东方田鼠长江亚种对苔草的取食研究

The Yangtze River Subspecies of Young Microtus fortis: Feeding on Carex brevicuspis

为了解食物对东方田鼠(Microtus fortis)种群的影响,笔者对洞庭湖幼年东方田鼠取食苔草进行研究,为了解东方田鼠种群增长提供基础,为东方田鼠综合管理提供参考。使用洞庭湖东方田鼠在洲滩环境的主要食物——苔草(Carex brevicuspis),在人工饲养条件下对20~30日龄不同性别东方田鼠进行饲喂。结果表明:喂食1周苔草后,雌性幼鼠体重明显下降(P<0.05),而雄性幼鼠体重略有增加,不显著(P>0.05);雌性幼鼠单位取食量和单位排泄量均稍高于雄性幼鼠,但差异不明显(P>0.05)。研究认为,在生长发育阶段,雌性幼鼠比雄性幼鼠对环境及食物的要求更高,单一食物会造成幼年雌鼠营养不良。

To know the effect of food on the population of Microtus fortis, the authors studied the feeding ofyoung Microtus fortis on Carex brevicuspis, for providing a foundation for understanding the population growth of M. fortis, and references for the comprehensive management of M. fortis. C. brevicuspis was the main food of M.fortis in beach habitat of Dongting Lake, and was fed to the young M. fortis of 20-30 days of ages and differentgenders under the condition of artificial feeding. The results showed that： the weight of young female M. fortis decreased significantly（P〈0.05）, while that of the young male M. fortis increased slightly（P〉0.05） after a weekof feeding C. brevicuspis; meanwhile, the unit intake and unit excretion of young female M. fortis were higherthan that of young male M. fortis, but the differences between them were not obvious（P〉0.05）. The studyconcludes that, the requirements for environment and food of young female M. fortis are higher than that ofyoung male M. fortis at the stage of growth and development, single food can cause malnutrition in youngfemale M. fortis.