多元中微量元素对番茄生长发育及产量的影响

Multi-trace Elements: Effect on Growth and Development and Yield of Tomato

为明确番茄施用多元中微量元素的增产效果,通过大棚番茄试验,以‘北京博收辉腾5号’为材料,利用对比分析方法,研究了多元中微量元素不同施用量对番茄生长发育、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:在氮磷钾施用水平一致条件下,增施多元中微量元素可提高番茄糖度6.82%~18.18%,增产1.18%~6.15%,增收1.23%~6.59%。与对照(T1)相比,不同施用量以中等施用量(T3)能提高番茄株高及茎粗,促进番茄开花、坐果,增产量可达5759.40 kg/hm^2,增收11462.70元/hm^2。综合考虑产量、肥料及多元中微量元素投入,硫酸钾复合肥(15-15-15)750 kg/hm^2和多元中微量元素4.5 kg/hm^2作基肥,膨果期追施1350 kg/hm^2硫酸钾复合肥(15-5-25)和8.1 kg/hm^2多元中微量元素(肥料和增效包分6次施用)可提高番茄产量和品质,促进番茄开花坐果,提早上市,可作为番茄施肥的最佳配方。

To clarify the effect of multi-trace elements on increasing yield of tomato, we conducted anexperiment in greenhouse with the material of‘Beijing Boshou Huiteng 5＇, and studied the influence ofdifferent fertilizer proportions on growth development, yield and quality of tomato by using comparison analysismethod. The results showed that： under the same levels of NPK fertilization, increasing more medium and traceelements could improve the sugar content of tomato by 6.82%-18.18%, the yield by 1.18%-6.15%, the incomeby 1.23%-6.59%; compared with the control group（T1）, the application of the medium application（T3）increased the plant height, stem diameter and promoted the flowering, fruit setting of tomato as well as the yieldby 5759.40 kg/hm^2 and increased income by 11462.70 yuan/hm^2. Taking production, fertilizer and multi-traceelements into consideration, using the potassium sulphate compound fertilizer（15-15-15） 750 kg/hm^2 andmedium and trace element synergistic package 4.5 kg/hm^2 as base fertilizer, the potassium sulphate compoundfertilizer（15-5-25） 1350 kg/hm^2 and medium and trace element synergistic package 8.1 kg/hm^2 as top dressing（6 times application of fertilizer and synergistic package） could improve the yield and quality of tomato,promote flowering and fruit set, early market, and the fertilization formula can be used as the best for tomatoproduction.