椴树嫁接繁育技术研究

Grafting Technology of Tilia

为了提高椴树嫁接成活率和接穗利用率,笔者以种源地不同的椴树属7个不同树种(糠椴、紫椴、欧椴、欧椴大叶椴、欧洲小叶椴、银毛椴、小叶椴)的1年生枝条为材料,以2年生紫椴实生苗为砧木,采用劈接、芽接2种嫁接方法,对椴树属植物的嫁接繁育技术进行研究。结果表明:树种不同,与砧木的亲和力也不同,导致各树种嫁接成活率差异显著,其中欧洲大叶椴、欧洲小叶椴、小叶椴、紫椴、糠椴、银毛椴、欧椴的嫁接成活率分别为63.30%、75.75%、81.25%、62.10%、62.11%、62.50%、65.80%。2种嫁接方法成活率也各不相同,芽接成活率在50.00%以上,劈接成活率因接穗不同差异较大。

The paper aims to improve the survival rate of grafting and scion utilization of Tilia. We took 1-year-old shoots of 7 different tree species of Tilia from different provenances（Tilia mandschurica, Tilia amurensis, Tilia europae, Tilia platyphylla, Tilia cordata, and Tilia tomentosa, Tilia mongolica） as materials,the two-year-old seedlings of Tilia amurensis as rootstocks, adopted splitting and sprouts method, and studiedgrafting techniques of Tilia. The results showed that： different tree species had different affinity withrootstocks, resulting in significant differences in the survival rate of the grafting, the survival rate of Tilia platyphylla, Tilia cordata, Tilia mongolica, Tilia amurensis, Tilia mandschurica, Tilia tomentosa and Tilia europaea was 63.30%, 75.75%, 81.25%, 62.10%, 62.11%, 62.50% and 65.80%, respectively. The survival rateof the two kinds of grafting methods was also different, the survival rate of sprouts was more than 50.00%, andthe survival rate of splitting was different due to different scions.