汽车变速箱振动信号测试及结构模态特性分析

Vibration Signal Testing and Structural Modal Characteristics Analysis of Automobile Gearbox

针对特定工况下汽车变速箱振动频率的固定性,通过变速箱箱体结构的优化设计,改变变速箱箱体固有频率,达到避免共振发生的目的。以SG135型汽车变速箱为研究对象,融合实验测试和数值方法,对多台变速箱同时进行测试。通过对不同测点振动信号的时域和频谱分析,判定对振动噪声影响最大的频率。利用PRO/E构建了变速箱箱体的三维实体模型,将经过简化处理的变速箱箱体结构导入I-DEAS软件进行动态有限元模态分析,获得变速箱箱体的固有频率和振型,从而确定变速箱振动噪声源,为变速箱箱体结构的减振降噪设计提供理论依据。

Aiming at the fixed frequency of vehicle gearbox vibration source under specific working conditions, through the optimization design of the gearbox box structure, natural frequency of the gearbox is changed so as to avoid the resonance of the objective. This paper took SG135 type automobile gearbox as research object, combined experiments and numerical methods to test multiple gearboxes simultaneously,to determine the greatest frequency that has the greatest influence on the vibration noise by analyzing the time and spectrum of the vibration signals of different measuring points. And PRO/E was used to build a three-dimensional entity model of the box, the simplified structure of the box was introduced into the I-DEAS software for dynamic finite element modal analysis, the natural frequency and vibration mode were obtained. Therefore, the vibration and noise source of the gearbox is determined, which provided the theoretical support for the vibration and noise reduction design of the box structure.