商业贿赂的主体识别与法律规制——以医药购销领域为例

The Subject Identification and Legal Regulation of Commercial Bribe:Taking the Field of Medical Purchase and Sales as an Example

商业贿赂犯罪在犯罪构成上较之于一般的职务犯罪和经济类犯罪更为特殊。以医疗机构为例．不同的商业贿赂情况的界分点主要是犯罪主体是否具有国家工作人员的身份，司法实践中界定商业贿赂主体身份时主要以该主体是否执行公务为标准。规制商业贿赂犯罪行为时，需要从立法、司法、执法多角度进行程序和实体的配置，细化主体认定程序，减小不同主体刑罚配置差异，规范商业贿赂犯罪的刑罚执行。

Commercial bribery crime is more special in criminal constitution than general job crime and economic crime. Take medical institutions as an example. The main difference between different commercial bribery cases is whether the criminal subject has the status of national staff. When defining the subject of commercial bribery in judicial practice, the main point is whether the subject is performing official duties. When regulating commercial bribery crime, it is necessary to carry out the procedures and the configuration of entities from the perspective of legislation, judicature and law enforcement, and refine the procedures for determining the subjects, reduce the differences in the distribution of penalties among different subjects, and regulate the penalties for commercial bribery.