双城市土地利用变化图谱分析

The Tupe Analysis on Land Use Change in Shuangcheng City

土地利用类型分布及变化规律对耕地景观保护和可持续发展具有重要的意义,地学信息图谱通过图形特征与谱系结构的不同变化,可以有效地揭示事物的空间结构特征与时空演变规律.文章以三江平原的典型区域和全国重要的商品粮基地——双城市为靶区,基于遥感(RS)影像和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,以土地利用变化为切入点,提取双城市1993年、2002年、2012年三期土地利用类型图;采用地学信息图谱分析的方法,对三期土地利用类型图进行叠加分析得到双城市1993年～2002年、2002年～2012年两个时期的土地利用变化,进行转移矩阵分析及图谱可视化表达,并对影响因素进行分析.结果表明:受到国家政策和研究区自然经济状况的影响,1993年～2002年期间,水体、旱地和其他用地面积下降,水田、建设用地和林草地面积上升; 2002年～2012年期间,建设用地面积继续扩张,其他用地面积下降,其余土地利用类型变化相对稳定.研究结果有利于为三江平原的耕地资源保护、土地利用格局优化和经济社会可持续发展提供理论依据.

The distribution and change law of land use type has the vital significance to the farmland landscape protection and sustainable development. The geo-information tupu,which could effectively reveal the spatial structure characteristics and time-space evolution law of things through graphics features and different changes. The article based on Shuangcheng,which as the typical zone of sanjiang plain area and the national important commodity grain base,using the technology of remote sensing（RS） and geographic information system（GIS）. The article extract the three land use type maps in 1993,2002,2012 of Shuangcheng city,which through the land use change. Using the method of geo-information analysis,the two periods of land use change analysis of transfer matrix and graph visualization expression would get in 1993 ～ 2002,2002 ～ 2012 based on the third phase of the land use type map overlay analysis and analyze the influencing factors. The results show that the land use change was influenced by national policy and the natural state of the economy. The water,dry land and other land area was decreased,the paddy fields,construction land and grassland area was raised during the period from 1993 to 2002. The construction land area continued to expand,other land areas was decreased,and the other land use types changed relatively stable during the period from 2002 to 2012. The results are helpful for the protection of cultivated land resources,the optimization of land use pattern and the sustainable development of economic society in Sanjiang plain.