基于泡沫铝芯材性能实验的夹层板抗侵彻数值研究

Numerical research on anti-penetration performance of sandwich plates based on the mechanical properties experimental tests of aluminum foam core

泡沫铝夹层板具有优异的力学性能和可设计性,近年来被广泛应用于船舶制造等领域。本文基于实验测得的泡沫铝夹层板材料力学性能参数及本构关系,建立泡沫铝夹层板抗侵彻的有限元仿真模型,研究其抗侵彻性能及其参数影响。通过准静态压缩实验测试,建立夹层板面板和芯材的力学性能参数及材料本构模型。重点研究对比了半球形弹体侵彻载荷下,泡沫铝芯层厚度、芯材密度等参数对结构抗侵彻性能、结构失效模式和变形机制的影响。实验及仿真结果表明:夹层板各部分的变形程度有所差异;随着弹体冲击速度的提高,夹层板的吸能能力均呈现先减小后增大的趋势;弹道极限速度随着泡沫铝夹层板芯层厚度或芯材密度的增大而增大,且弹道极限速度分别与芯层厚度或芯材密度近似线性。

Sandwich plates with steel skins and aluminum foam core have got an widely application in engineering such as the ship building due to the excellent mechanical properties and designability. Based on mechanical properties and constitutive models of aluminum foam obtained by experimental tests, finite element simulation model is established to research the anti-penetration performance of sandwich plates with steel skins and aluminum foam. The mechanical properties and constitutive models of skin and foam core are obtained by quasi-static compression tests. This paper mainly investigated the influence of core thickness, densities and other parameters of sandwich plates on anti-penetration performances, failure modes and deformation mechanisms under the impact of hemispherical-nosed projectile. The results showed that the deformation of each part of sandwich plates is different. The energy absorption capability of sandwich plates decreases first and then increases with the increase of initial velocity. The ballistic limit velocity increases with the increase of thickness of core or core density which shows an approximate linear relationship.