关于文化产业发展专项资金的反思:兼评市场化改革的局限性

Reflection on the Special Fund for the Development of Cultural Industry:Comment on the Limitations of Relevant Market Reforms

文化产业发展专项资金设立至今已逾10年,它也确实对文化产业发展起到了积极的作用,但毋庸置疑的是,作为一种"半计划"的选择性产业政策手段,它并没有很好地理顺政府与市场的关系,且对市场配置资源的功能与效果有着明显的负面影响。10年对于一个临时性的专项资金而言,其时间跨度已经足够我们较为客观地审视其历史成效与当下的适应性问题,所幸的是,相关政府部门也开始反思并推动市场化改革。通过反思专项资金设立的动因与发展的得失,剖析其市场化调整的背景、理路及其所面临的问题,我们认为专项资金设立与改革的本质问题是要理清专项资金在文化产业特定发展阶段的具体目标与时间限度,如果这个核心问题没有理清,那么,专项资金极有可能演变为"为钱找事"的零和游戏,所谓改革只能沦为一场为改革而实施的改革,财政资金所能发挥的绩效恐怕也是一个未知数。

The special fund for cultural industry development has been established for more than 10 years, and it has indeed played a positive role in the development of cultural industry. However, as a kind of ＂semi-planned＂ selective means of industrial policy, it undoubtedly has not straightened out the relationship between government and market, and has obvious negative impact on the function and effect of market resources allocation. For a temporary special fund, ten years is enough for us to objectively examine its historical achievements and current adaptability problems. Fortunately,relevant government departments have begun to reflect on these problems and promote relevant market reforms. Reflecting on the causes for the establishment of the special fund and the gains and losses of its development, this paper analyzes the background, rationality and problems of its market adjustment. We believe that the essential issue of the establishment and reform of the special fund is to clarify the specific goals and time limits of the special fund in the specific development stage of the cultural industry. If this core issue is not clear, the special fund is likely to evolve into a zero-sum game of＂finding things to do for money＂, and the so-called reform can only be reduced to a reform implemented just for the sake of reform, and the performance of financial resources may also be uncertain.