超大城市流动老人的主观健康状况及其影响因素

Subjective Health Conditions and the Influencing Factors of the Elderly Migrating Population in Chinese Megacities

基于2015年国家卫计委流动人口动态监测调查数据,通过建立序次逻辑回归模型,分析基本属性因素、流动因素、社会支持因素、经济状况因素和客观健康因素对"北上广深"超大城市中流动老人主观健康状况的影响作用。研究发现,男性、年龄较低及非农业户籍的流动老人主观健康状况较好;流入时间较短、持有照顾晚辈及务工经商等明确决策对流动老人的主观健康认知有正效应;已婚有配偶、朋友多的流动老人主观健康状况较好;家庭经济支持充足的流动老人更易形成正向主观健康认知;锻炼时间长、经常参加体检、没有慢性病的流动老人更易形成正向的主观健康认知。整体而言,尽管"北上广深"的流动老人健康状况较好,但仍需持续关注影响主观健康的复杂经济社会因素。

Based on the data of the dynamic monitoring survey of the floating population of the National Health and Family Planning Committee in 2015, through the establishment of a sequential logistic regression model, this paper analyzes effects of basic attribute factors, migration factors, social support factors, economic status and objective health factors on the subjective health conditions of the elderly migrating population in the megacities of Beijing, Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen. The study finds that among elderly migrating people, males, people of younger age and those from the non-agricultural households are in better subjective health. Short inflow time, the explicit decision of taking care of the younger generation and working and doing business have positive impact on the subjective health perception of the elderly migrating people. The elderly migrating people married with their spouse around and those with many friends are better in subjective health condition. The elderly migrating people with adequate financial support from their families are more likely to have positive subjective health cognition. The elderly migrating people who exercise for a long time, take regular physical examinations and have no chronic diseases are more likely to have positive subjective health. On the whole, although the health condition of the elderly migrating people in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen is better, continuous attention still needs to be paid to the complex economic and social factors affecting subjective health condition.