广西国家级贫困县贫困类型划分与扶贫对策研究

Study on Poverty Types and Countermeasures of State Poverty Countries in Guangxi

贫困长期以来备受世界各国政府关注,广西是中国西南地区贫困人口分布较为密集的地区之一,贫困问题呈现多样化特点,为进一步探讨广西贫困乡村类型,推进广西精准扶贫工作。笔者以广西区国家级贫困县为研究对象,从人口、经济、资源、社会4个方面选取影响贫困的28个指标,利用SPSS进行主成分分析,得出广西区贫困制约的主成分,并在此基础上将影响贫困的主成分作为变量,对广西的贫困县进行聚类分析。结果表明:(1)广西贫困的主要的制约因子为:"人口"因子、"经济收入"因子、"交通基础设施"因子,"工业化程度"因子、"农业机械化水平"因子、"通讯"因子、"教育"因子;(2)广西贫困县的地域类型可划分为三类:人口资源矛盾与一二产业发展动力不足型贫困县,交通通讯基建落后型贫困县,教育文化落后型贫困县三大类,并针对各类型贫困县提出相应的减贫脱贫对策建议。

Poverty has long been the concern of governments. Guangxi is an area with densely poverty strickenpopulation in southwest China, its poverty problems are diversified. To further explore the types of poor ruralareas and promote the targeted poverty alleviation in Guangxi, the authors took the national designated poorcounties in Guangxi as the research object, selected 28 poverty indicators from four aspects of population,economy, resources and society, the principal restricted factors were obtained by SPSS and took as thevariables to conduct the clustering analysis. The results showed that（1） the restricted factors in Guangxi werepopulation, economic income, traffic infrastructure, industrialization, agricultural mechanization level,communication and education;（2） poverty-stricken counties in Guangxi could be divided into three categories：population resources contradiction ＆ insufficient impetus of the primary and secondary industry, poor traffic ＆communication and poor education, the countermeasures and suggestions aiming at each category wereproposed.