我国家庭农场发展的十大特征——基于武汉和郎溪607户家庭农场的比较分析

Research on the Ten Characteristics of Family Farm Development in China——Based on the comparative analysis of 607 family farms in Wuhan and Langxi

在对湖北武汉和安徽郎溪607户家庭农场调查的基础上,对两地家庭农场发展情况进行比较分析,归纳总结我国家庭农场的发展特征。两地家庭农场经营者都具有年龄偏大、文化程度偏低的基本特征;农场经营投资规模大、收益高,但经营管理粗放,参与合作社意愿不强,融资比较困难。但两地代表的都市郊区和一般农业区的家庭农场在经营类型、产品价值方面差别显著,导致家庭农场在收入、雇工等方面呈现较大差异。对此,应明确家庭农场界定标准,大力支持高素质人才下乡返乡创办家庭农场,创新思路切实解决家庭农场的信贷和保险瓶颈,并提高农业组织化程度,夯实家庭农场抵御各种风险的能力。

Based on the investigation of 607 family farms in Wuhan in Hubei province and Langxi in Anhui province,the development of family farms in the two places was compared and summarized,and the development characteristics of family farms in China were summarized. The family farm operators in the two places have the basic characteristics of overage and low education level; the farm management investment is large and the income is high,but the management is extensive,the willingness to participate in the cooperative is not strong,and the financing is difficult. However,there are significant differences in the types of operations and product values between the urban suburbs represented by the two places and the family farms in the general agricultural areas,resulting in large differences in income and employment among family farms. In this regard,we should define the definition of family farms,vigorously support high-quality talents to go to the countryside to set up family farms,innovative ideas to effectively solve the credit and insurance bottlenecks of family farms,improve the degree of agricultural organization,and consolidate family farms＇ ability to resist various risks.