黄芪振动挖掘机工作参数的优化与试验

Optimization and experiment of the working parameters of a stragalus vibration excavator

针对现有中药材挖掘机在挖掘黄芪时出现分离效率低、损伤率较高等问题,对典型中药材振动挖掘机的工作参数进行优化,使其满足黄芪挖掘作业。对其振动机构进行运动分析,通过Mathlab优化工具箱对振动机构的核心参数进行优化。基于Box-Behnken试验设计法以牵引速度、挖掘铲振动频率和铲面倾角为影响因素,以明茎率为主要指标,兼顾伤茎率进行参数优化。结果表明:当整机牵引速度为0.64m/s,挖掘铲振动频率为8 Hz,铲面倾角为15°时,明茎率为95.62%、伤茎率0.73%。田间试验结果表明:同等条件下,明茎率为93.62%、伤茎率0.82%;整机运行平稳可靠。优化的振动挖掘机满足黄芪挖掘农艺要求。

In view of the problems of low separation efficiency and high damage rate existed during using astragalus excavator,the working parameters of typical astragalus excavator were optimized to meet the requirement of astragalus mining operations.Mechanism analysis on vibration separation was conducted.The core parameters of the vibration mechanism were optimized through the Mathlab optimization toolbox.Experiment was carried out by taking the eccentric wheel angular velocity,eccentric distance and effective length parameters as central influencing factors and the obvious stem rate and the damage stem rate as experimental index.The results showed that when the speed was0.64 m/s,the vibrational frequency was 8 Hz and the digging shovel angle was of 15°,the obvious stem rate reached95.62% and the damage stem rate reached 0.73%.The results from field experiment showed that：Under the same conditions,the obvious stem rate was 93.62%,the damage stem rate was 0.82%,and the operation of the whole machine was stable and reliable.The optimized vibration excavator could meet the agronomic requirements of astragalus.