病友互助小组对老年高血压患者治疗依从性影响

Influence of mutual help group on blood pressure control and treatment compliance of elderly patients with hypertension

目的高血压是老年人群最常见的慢性病,也是心脑血管病变最主要的危险因素。本研究旨在探讨病友互助小组护理模式对老年高血压患者遵医依从性﹑血压控制及生存质量的影响。方法选取2015-01-01-2015-08-31南阳医专第一附属医院收治的老年原发性高血压患者100例,根据护理方法不同分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上,实施病友互助小组护理支持。比较两组入院时及出院后6个月血压控制有效率、遵医行为和生存质量。结果出院后6个月,观察组遵医行为发生率为98.0%,高于对照组的78.0%,χ2=9.470,P=0.002;血压控制有效率为92.0%,高于对照组的64.0%,χ2=11.422,P=0.001。观察组出院后6个月生存质量中生理机能评分为(85.6±13.2)分,高于对照组的(75.0±11.2)分,t=4.33,P<0.001;生理职能评分为(68.9±10.9)分,高于对照组的(60.0±10.4)分,t=4.18,P<0.001;躯体疼痛评分为(74.5±10.8)分,高于对照组的(64.0±10.2)分,t=4.99,P<0.001;一般健康状况评分为(65.8±10.6)分,高于对照组的(58.0±10.4)分,t=3.71,P<0.001;精力评分为(69.0±11.0)分,高于对照组的(60.4±10.4)分,t=4.02,P<0.001;社会功能评分为(72.5±14.8)分,高于对照组的(65.0±11.0)分,t=2.88,P=0.005;情感职能评分为(76.5±17.8)分,高于对照组的(66.2±13.2)分,t=3.29,P=0.001;精神健康评分为(72.5±12.9)分,高于对照组的(64.2±12.0)分,t=3.33,P=0.001。结论专业人员领导下的病友互助小组护理模式应用于老年高血压患者,利于增强患者遵医依从性,提升归属感及认同感,促进自觉形成良好的生活方式,提高对高血压控制效果,有效改善预后。

OBJECTIVE Hypertension is the most common chronic disease in the elderly,and it is also the most important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of mutual help group nursing mode on the compliance,blood pressure control and quality of life in elderly patients with hypertension.METHODS A total of 100 elderly patients with essential hypertension treated in First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College from January 1 to August 31 in 2015 were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to different nursing methods,with 50 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,while the observation group received nursing support from the mutual help group based on the control group.The effective rate of blood pressure control,compliance and quality of life were compared between the two groups at admission and 6 months after discharge.RESULTS Six months after discharge,the incidence of compliance behavior in the observation group was 98.0%,higher than that in the control group 78.0%,χ^2=9.47,P=0.002.The effective rate of blood pressure control was 92.0%,which was higher than that in the control group 64.0%,χ^2=11.42,P=0.001.The score of physiological function in the observation group was（85.6±13.2）score,higher than that in the control group（75.0±11.2）score,t=4.33,P〈0.001.The score of physiological function was（68.9±10.9）score,higher than that of the control group（60.0±10.4）score,t=4.18,P〈0.001.The score of somatic pain was（74.5±10.8）score,higher than that of the control group（64.0±10.2）score,t=4.99,P〈0.001.The general health status score was（65.8±10.6）score,higher than that of the control group（58.0±10.4）,t=3.71,P〈0.001.The energy score was（69.0±11.0）score,higher than that of the control group（60.4±10.4）,t=4.02,P=0.005.The score of social function was（72.5±14.8）score,higher than that of the control group（65.0±11.0）score,t=2.88,P=0.001.The emotional function score was（76.5±17.8）score,higher than that of the control group（66.2±13.2）score,t=3.29,P=0.001.Mental health score was（72.5±12.9）score,higher than that of the control group（64.2±12）score,t=3.33,P〈0.001.CONCLUSION The nursing model of the mutual aid group under the leadership of professional staff is applied to the elderly patients with hypertension,which helps to enhance thire compliance,the sense of belonging and identity,promote the self-conscious form of a good lifestyle,improve the effect of hypertension control and prognosis.