油菜花粉超微粉对肉鸡生长性能、血液生化、激素指标和屠宰性能的影响

Effects of ultramicro powder from rape bee pollen on growth performance,serum biochemical parameters,serum hormones and slaughter trait of broiler chickens

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的油菜花粉超微粉对肉鸡生长性能、血液生化、激素指标和屠宰性能的影响。180羽1日龄体质量相近的爱拔益加（AA）肉鸡随机分为4个组,每组3个重复,每个重复15羽。Ⅰ组为空白对照组,饲喂基础日粮;Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ组分别在基础日粮的基础上添加0.5%,1.0%,1.5%的油菜花粉超微粉,试验期42d。结果表明：与对照组相比,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ组肉鸡1,2,3周的平均体质量均显著提高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;Ⅳ组肉鸡4,5周的平均体质量均极显著提高（P〈0.01）;Ⅳ组肉鸡1～21,22～42和1～42d的平均日增重和1～21d平均日采食量均显著提高（P〈0.05）;Ⅳ组肉鸡ALP活性显著升高（P〈0.05）;Ⅳ组肉鸡IGF-Ⅰ显著升高（P〈0.01）,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组肉鸡T3含量显著降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;各组T4含量差异不显著;4个试验组肉鸡半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率差异不显著（P〉0.05）。上述结果表明,在肉鸡基础日粮中添加油菜花粉超微粉,可能通过提高血清IGF-I含量,降低T3含量,改善肉鸡血液生化指标,从而促进肉鸡生长。

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of diet supplemented with rape pollen ultramicro powder on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, serum hormones and slaughter performance of broiler chickens. A total of 180 one-day-old healthy Arbor Acres fe- male broilers were selected and randomly allotted to 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 15 birds per replicate. The four diets included a basal diet without rape pollen （the control group, group Ⅰ ） and 3 experimental diets supplemented with 0.5%, 1.0 %, 1.5 % rape pollen ultramicro powder based on the basal diet （group Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ ）, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows：the average body weight of the experimental groups（group Ⅱ to Ⅳ ）were all significantly higher than that of the control group during the first, the second and the third weeks（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） ,and the average body weight of group Ivwas highly higher than the control group during the fourth and fifth weeks（P〈0.01）. The average daily feed intake of group Ⅳ were all significantly higher than that of the control group at 1-21,22-42 d and 1-42 d,respectively （P〈0.05） ,while the average daily gain was higher than the control group at 1-21 d （P〈0.05）. Compared with the control group,group IV ,diet supplemented with 1.50/00 rape pollen ultramicro powder significantly（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）improved the content of ALP. The content of T_3 significantly decreased in broilers in group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ. There was no significant differ ence between all the groups in dressing percentage. Rape pollen ultramicro powder had no signifi- cant influence on the percentage of eviscerated yield, the percentage of brisket muscle yield and the percentage of leg muscle yield of broilers（P〉0.05）. In conclusion,diet supplemented with rape pollen ultramicro powder could significantly promote the growth performance by increasing the content of IGF-I,reducing the content of T_3 and improving the serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens.