中国的城市化与失地农民——以苏北某市郊区为例的人类学研究

Urbanization in China and the Lost-land Peasants:A Case Study of the Suburbs of a City in Northern Jiangsu

急剧的城市化令社会底层群体不可避免地卷入其中。通过对城郊失地农民状况的人类学调查,可以认为,在其居住权利受到巨大冲击与损害的同时,他们自身也被无情地驱赶、抛弃和遗忘。青壮年农民被迫走上进城打工之路,老弱病残者则被置于弃离的角落里勉强度日,两类沉默的群体卡在非自愿性的仪式＂阈限＂（liminality）上。他们始终无法突破权力压制的空间。僵化的现行土地制度,导致失地农民无法获得平等公正的公民权利之对待,甚至连最起码的居住权都被无情地侵占剥夺。

Many Chinese who are members of the underclass have been inevitably involved in the high rate of urbanization. Based on the ethnographic study of peasants who live in the suburbs and have recently lost their land,this paper argues that the right of residence has been impacted and encroached,and at the same time these lost- land peasants are being ruthlessly driven,abandoned and forgotten. The young and strong lost- land peasants are forced to seek employment in cities and the old and w eak stay in the corner and just scrape along. Both groups are trapped within ritual limitations and cannot escape the conditions imposed by external forces. T he author further points out that due to the current rigid land system, lost- land peasants cannot gain equal civil rights and justice as urban residents and their basic right of residence has been relentlessly deprived.