民族语言文字诉讼权利保障之思考——以内蒙古司法现状为视角

On Thinking of National Language Rights Guarantee in Litigation——Perspective in Inner Mongolia Judicial Situation

我国《宪法》以及相关法律法规在各民族"使用本民族语言文字进行诉讼权利"方面进行了明确规定,内蒙古自治区司法部门,认真贯彻和落实蒙古族公民使用本民族语言文字进行诉讼权利方面的工作。结合内蒙古自治区民族语言文字使用具体情况,为了提高司法工作效率,也为了解决缺乏通晓蒙古族语言文字专业人才的问题,内蒙古自治区部分地区将"民族语言文字进行诉讼"的制度,变通为"蒙汉双语诉讼"制度,在司法实践中解决或者改善蒙古族公民用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利方面存在的问题和不足。蒙古族公民使用蒙古族语言文字进行诉讼的权利方面,有待获得制度保障和程序便利。

China’s“Constitution”and related laws and regulations clearly stipulate“the right to use the lan？guage of the people in litigation”,which includes the use of“language litigation”and“literary litigation”. The judi？cial department of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has conscientiously implemented and the work of Mongo？lian citizens in using their own spoken and written languages to conduct litigation rights. In order to solve the prob？lem of lack of professional talents who are fluent in Mongolian language,combined with the specific situation of theuse of ethnic languages in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,in order to improve the efficiency of judicial work,some areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region have changed the system of“national language and language liti？gation”to“Mongolian and Chinese”. The“litigation”system leads to the right to focus only on“language litiga？tion”,but ignores the protection of the right to“literary litigation”. There is a problem of the confusion of the role ofthe judge in the proceedings. The rights of Mongolian citizens to use the Mongolian language for litigation are sub？ject to institutional guarantees and procedural convenience.