上海市徐汇区替牙早期儿童错牙合畸形情况调查

Status survey on malocclusion among children in early mixed dentition in Xuhui District,Shanghai

【目的】了解上海市徐汇区儿童替牙早期错牙合畸形的流行情况,为儿童口腔疾病防治提供依据。【方法】随机抽取徐汇区10所公立小学的2～4年级替牙期学生1 239名进行错牙合畸形调查。【结果】儿童替牙早期错牙合畸形检出率为74. 09%,其中女性的检出率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。各类错牙合畸形检出率依次为深覆盖(30. 83%)、深覆牙合(29. 78%)、前牙拥挤(28. 41%)、反牙合(14. 77%)、开牙合(4. 76%)。【结论】徐汇区儿童替牙期错牙合畸形检出率较高,需在替牙早期制定相应的阻断措施,降低恒牙期错牙合畸形的发病率和严重度。

[ Objective ] To investigate and analyze the prevalence of malocclusion among children in early mixed dentition in Xuhui District of Shanghai and to provide theoretical basis for the establishment of children＇s oral health care strategy. [ Methods ] The investigation of occlusion was performed on 1 239 children aged 7-10 in early mixed dentition in Xuhui District. [ Results ] The prevalence of malocclusion in early mixed dentition among children in Xuhui District was 74.09%. The detection rate in thmales was higher than that in males and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. Detection rates tbr various maloeelusions were： deep over jet （ 30. 83%）, deep overbite （29.78%）, anterior crowding （28.41%）, cross bite （ 14.77%）, and open bite （4.76%）. [Conclusion] The prevalence of malocclusion in early mixed dentition is high among children in Xuhui District. In order to reduce the incidence and severity of malocclusion, early intervention is necessary.