数值化的大气环境资源--2017年中国大气环境资源统计与政策建议

Numericalization of Atmospheric Environmental Resources: Statistics of Atmospheric Environmental Resources in China in 2017 and Policy Suggestion

大气环境具有资源属性,主要体现为大气的自然净化能力。现实中,大气自然净化能力具有实时性和周期性的特征。大气污染程度取决于大气环境资源的消耗程度,而非大气污染物的绝对排放量。大气环境资源的禀赋差异显著,不仅体现在空间上,也体现在时间上。在大气自然净化能力指数模型(ASPI Model)的基础上,使用2017年3小时ASPI数据对中国大气环境资源进行粗略统计。结果显示,中国大气环境资源整体呈现南多北少,东多西少的状况。精确掌握大气环境资源的分布情况,对大气污染治理具有重要的战略意义,如建立大气自然净化能力实时监测网络,提高大气污染物排放与大气环境资源的配置效率,引导污染产业在时间上和空间上实现优化配置等。短期看,一个城市的大气污染治理,应该将资源集中在大气自然净化能力较弱的时间段。长期看,要根据大气环境资源分布和大气环境资源余量来考虑产业的空间转移和布局。

Atmospheric environment has resource attribute,which is reflected as the ability of air selfpurification of pollutants. The feature of air self-purification is real-time and periodic in reality.The air pollution does not depend on the emission of pollutants but the consumption level of atmospheric environmental resource. The endowment of atmospheric environmental resource differs not only from space but also from time. Every 3 hours' ASPI data in 2017 was applied to count the atmospheric environmental resources in Chinese mainland based on ASPI Model.Results showed that the atmospheric environmental resources are more plentiful in south and east than north and west part in Chinese mainland. Figuring out the distribution of atmospheric environmental resources precisely has great strategic importance to air pollution control,such as establishing the real time monitoring network of air self-purification,improving the allocative efficiency between air pollutants emission and atmospheric environmental resource, and optimizing allocation of pollution industry in time and space. In the short term,the air pollution control of the city should focus on the period with low air self-purification ability. In the long run,the industrial space transfer and layout should be considered on the basis of the distribution and balance of atmospheric environmental resources.