肝移植受者出院后服药依从性现状与相关因素分析

Analysis of status and related factors of medication compliance of liver transplant recipients after discharge

目的调查肝移植受者出院后服药依从性,分析其影响因素。方法选取2013年5月—2016年9月就诊于南京医科大学第一附属医院的肝移植受者184例,应用自行设计的量表调查其一般情况及服药依从性,并应用焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(Self-Rating Depression Scale,SDS)调查其心理状况,评估其依从性,分析影响依从性的因素。结果服药依从性的单因素分析中,文化程度、家庭平均月收入、医保情况、术后时间及抑郁情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。肝移植受者的SAS、SDS评分均显著高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。经多元回归分析,服药依从性影响因素为移植术后时间、文化程度、医保情况及抑郁情况。结论肝移植受者术后出院后服药依从性主要受文化程度、抑郁情况、移植时间及医保情况的影响,应采取针对性的护理措施,提高其服药依从性。

Objective To investigate the medication compliance of liver transplant recipients, and to analyze the related factors. Methods During March 2013 and September 2016, 184 liver transplant recipients discharged from The First Mfiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were selected. The self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate their general condition and medication compliance. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）, Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） were used to investigate their psychological status and related influencing factors. Results Single factor analysis showed that the differences in education background, average monthly income, health insurance, postoperative time and depression were significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. The scores of SAS and SDS in liver transplant recipients were significantly higher than nora1 （P 〈 0.05 ）. Multiple regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing medication compliance were postoperative time, education background, medical insurance and depression. Conclusion The medication compliance of liver transplant recipients after discharge is mainly impacted by postoperative time, education background, health insurance and depression. The medical staff should take targeted nursing intervention to improve the patient medication comnliance.