激励式护理对肾脏移植手术患者自我管理能力、生活质量的影响

The effect of incentive nursing on self-management ability and quality of life in patients undergoing renal transplantation

目的探讨激励式护理在降低肾脏移植手术患者负面情绪,提高患者自我管理能力、生活质量和满意度的影响。方法选取2013年7月至2017年10月在我院接受肾脏移植手术的82例患者,按照随机数表法等分为试验组和对照组。对照组采用常规肾脏移植护理方法,试验组在对照组的基础上采用激励式护理。采用自我管理能力测定量表评价两组患者的自我管理能力,两组患者分别于干预前和干预后使用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估患者焦虑、抑郁程度,采用生活质量综合评定问卷评价两组患者的生活质量;采用纽卡斯尔护理满意度量表统计两组患者的护理满意度。结果试验组患者饮食、治疗、躯体活动、社会心理以及自我管理能力总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。干预前两组患者SAS,SDS评分差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05),干预后试验组患者SAS,SDS评分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05);试验组患者躯体功能、心理健康、社会功能方面的生活质量评分均高于对照组(P <0. 05),两组患者的物质生活状态评分经比较无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。试验组患者满意度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论激励式护理可以有效地降低患者的负面情绪,提高患者的自我管理能力、生活质量和满意度,值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the effect of incentive nursing on reducing negative emotions in patients undergoing renal transplantation and improving patient self-management ability, quality of life and satisfaction. Methods To select 82 cases of patients who underwent renal transplantation in our hospital from July 2013 to October 2017 as research subject. They were divided into experimental group and control group with same number of patients according to random number table method. The control group was treated with traditional renal transplantation nursing methods, while the experimental group was treated with incentive nursing on this basis. The self-management abilities of the two groups were evaluated by self-management ability scale. By applying self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） and self-rating depression scale （SDS） before and after the intervention, the degree of anxiety and depression of the patients in the two groups were evaluated. In addition, the quality of life questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life of the two groups. The Newcastle nursing satisfaction scale was used to measure the satisfaction of patients in the two groups. Results The total scores of diet, treatment, physical activity, psychosocial and self-management ability of patients in the experimental group were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（ P ＜0.05）. Before the intervention, there was no statistical significance in the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups（ P ＞ 0.05 ）. After the intervention, SAS and SDS scores of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group significantly,and the difference was statistically significant（ P ＜0.05）. The quality of life scores concerning physical function, mental health and social function among the patients in the experimental group were higher than that of the control group（ P ＜0.05）. The comparison showed that there was no statistical significance in the scores of material life status of the two groups（ P ＞0.05）. The satisfaction of patients in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（ P ＜0.05）. Conclusion Incentive nursing can reduce the negative emotions of patients effectively and improve their self-management, quality of life and satisfaction,which was worthy of clinical promotion.