摘要
Fetal growth is determined largely by the nutrient supply, placental transport function, and growth hormones. Recently, gene mutation and expression, especially of those genes associated with the proteins that are related to the fetal growth, have been reported to play an important role in the development of intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR). Fetal growth epigenetics, a new concept in fetal growth, has resulted from studies on fetal programing. This paper outlines the findings of our serial studies on IUGR, and summarizes data on IUGR animal models, placental function in transferring nutrients, cell proliferation dynamics in IUGR, and experimental treatment of IUGR. We review genetic approaches to IUGR, especially those relating to growth factor genes, angiotensinogen genes and other gene mutations. We also discuss the epigenetics of fetal growth and future study directions on fetal growth restriction. These should be valuable in elucidating the mechanisms employed by the fetus and in helping to develop interventional strategies that might prevent the development of IUGR.
Fetal growth is determined largely by the nutrient sup-ply, placental transport function, and growth hormones. Recently, gene mutation and expression, especially of those genes associated with the proteins that are re-lated to the fetal growth, have been reported to play an important role in the development of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Fetal growth epigenetics, a new concept in fetal growth, has resulted from studies on fetal programing. This paper outlines the findings of our serial studies on IUGR, and summarizes data on IUGR animal models, placental function in transferring nutrients, cell proliferation dynamics in IUGR, and ex-perimental treatment of IUGR. We review genetic ap-proaches to IUGR, especially those relating to growth factor genes, angiotensinogen genes and other gene mutations. We also discuss the epigenetics of fetalgrowth and future study directions on fetal growth re-striction. These should be valuable in elucidating the mechanisms employed by the fetus and in helping to develop interventional strategies that might prevent the development of IUGR.
关键词
胎儿
血管
基因
临床分析
Intrauterine growth restriction
Gene
Epi-genetics
Placenta