Advances in surgery procedures for convergence insufficiency-type intermittent exotropia

Intermittent exotropia with convergence insufficiency is defined as a greater exodeviation measured at near than at distance of at least 10 prism diopters and it is harmful to binocular vision at earlier time. This paper mainly introduces three operation patterns including lateral rectus recession(s) with or without a slanting procedure, unilateral lateral rectus recession with medial rectus resection, and medial rectus resection(s) with or without a slanting procedure.

Intermittent exotropia with convergence insufficiency is defned as a greater exodeviation measured at near than at distance of at least 10 prism diopters and it is harmful to binocular vision at earlier time. This paper mainly introduces three operation patterns including lateral rectus recession（s） with or without a slanting procedure, unilateral lateral rectus recession with medi-al rectus resection, and medial rectus resection（s） with or without a slanting procedure.