新疆喀什地区早产儿视网膜病变筛查分析

Analysis of retinopathy of prematurity screening outcomes in Kashgar area of Xinjiang

目的分析新疆喀什地区早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的发病情况和危险因素。方法 2015年8月～2016年7月期间,对新疆喀什地区6所医院内符合ROP筛查标准的新生儿进行扩瞳眼底检查,记录检查日期、结果、性别、民族、出生日期、吸氧史、严重新生儿并发症等内容,统计分析ROP的发病率、病变特点和危险因素。结果筛查新生儿共83例(166眼),平均孕周(33. 0±3. 5)周(29～36周),平均出生体重(1 590±430) g(980～2 200 g),平均随访(7±3)周(0～11周)。检查发现25眼有ROP病变(15%),其中1期病变19眼(11%)、2期病变6眼(4%),未发现附加病变、急进型病变、I区病变、3期或以上等病变。ROP组和无ROP组比较,其孕周(P=0. 000 3)和出生体重显著较小(P <0. 000 1),吸氧时间显著增加(P <0. 000 1),伴发严重新生儿并发症的比例显著较高(P=0. 000 3)。结论新疆喀什地区的高危新生儿中发生的ROP,其发生与孕周、出生体重、吸氧时间和严重新生儿并发症密切相关。

Objective To assess the retinopathy of prematuriU （ROP） and its risk factors in Kashgar Area of Xinjiang. Methods The infants in the six hospitals of Karshgar Area underwent fundus examinations during August 2015 to July 2016, according to the ROP screening guidelines of China. Their sex, ethniciu, date of birth, oxygen supplement therapy period, neonate complications and fundus outcomes were recorded. The ROP incidence, characteristics and risk factors were analyzed. Results A total of 166 eyes of 83 infants were screened in the study. The mean gestational age was 33± 3.5 weeks（29 -36 weeks） and mean birth weight was 1 590±430 g（980 -2 200 g）. The mean follow-up time was 7 ±3 weeks（0 ~ 11 weeks）. ROP was found in 25 eyes （ 15% ）, including stage 1 ROP in 19 eyes （11%） and stage 2 ROP in 6 eyes （4%）. No infants were developed severe ROP （plus disease, aggressive posterior ROP, Zone 1 ROP, stage 3 ROP or above）. Compared with the infants without ROP, the ROP infants had significant lower gestational age （ P = 0. 000 3 ）, lower birth weight （ P 〈 0. 000 1 ）, longer oxygen supplementary therapy day-s （P 〈 0.000 1 ） and more severe neonates complications （ P = 0. 000 3 ）. Conclusions ROP occun＇ed in infants in Kashgar Area of Xinjiang. Their high risks may include low gestational age, low birth weight, long oxygen supplemental/therapy and severe neonates complications.