城市综合防灾中的韧性思维与非工程防灾策略

Resilience Thinking and Non-Engineering Strategies in Urban Integrated Disaster Prevention

21世纪以来,全球范围内的气候变化和自然灾害已经成为制约城市可持续发展的重要问题。在保证城市经济、人口和社会安全方面,城市综合防灾规划具有举足轻重的作用。但长期以来,城市综合防灾规划主要以工程措施为主要技术手段,忽视了非工程措施的重要作用。城市韧性理念以解决气候变化和灾害引起的扰动问题为核心研究内容,为城市综合防灾规划的深入研究提供了新的切入点。结合城市韧性与非工程防灾的内在关联,从管理韧性、社会韧性、经济韧性三个维度上提出城市非工程防灾策略,为完善我国城市综合防灾的技术体系提供有益的借鉴。

Since the 21st century, climate change and natural disasters have become vital issues which have seriously restrict the sustainable development of cities. Urban integrated disaster prevention planning plays an important role in ensuring the security of urban economy, population and society. However, for a long time, engineering measures have roled as the main technical method while non-engineering measures have been ignored. With its core research content of solving disturbance and disasters induced by climate change, the concept of urban resilience provides a new entry point for comprehensive city disaster prevention planning. This paper discusses the inherent relationship between urban resilience and non-engineering disaster prevention and puts forward the urban non-engineering disaster prevention strategy from three dimensions （management resilience, social resilience and economic resilience）. It provides a useful reference for perfecting the technical system of urban integrated disaster prevention in our country.