摘要
本研究主要以高砷硫铁矿区周边农田中的真菌群落为研究对象,研究利用Miseq高通量测序技术系统分析矿区周边不同区域土壤中真菌的群落特征,通过本研究以明确矿区土壤真菌群落结构特征及其适应机制。结果表明:(1)砷、铁复合污染土壤可促使土壤真菌丰富度降低,而对土壤真菌多样的影响则表现为先促进后抑制;(2)砷、铁复合污染抑制土壤中Ascomycota(子囊菌门)代谢,促进Basidiomycota(担子菌门)代谢,而对Zygomycota(接合菌门)则表现为低浓度促进,高浓度抑制,对Fusarium(镰刀菌属)、Pseudallescheria(假霉样真菌属)、Cryptococcus(隐球菌属)也呈现"低浓度促进、高浓度抑制"作用;(3)砷、铁的复合物污染使土壤中真菌群落结构产生了明显差异,环境因子对土壤环境真菌群落结构差异影响大小依次为总砷、总铁。因此,在高砷硫铁矿的开采过程中对土壤中的真菌群落结构造成一定的影响,需对矿物及矿渣的堆放进行严格的管理以免对土壤中各种生物的生境造成严重破坏。
We studied the fungi community in the farmland surrounding the high-arsenic pyrite area, analyzedthe community characteristics of fungi in the soils of different regions around the mining area by Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology, in order to clarify the characteristics and adaptation mechanism of the fungicommunity. The results showed that:(1) arsenic and iron combined contaminated soil could decrease therichness of fungi in soil, and the impact of the combined contaminated soil on fungi diversity was first promotedand then inhibited;(2) arsenic and iron combined pollution inhibited the metabolism of Ascomycota in soil andsimulated the metabolism of Basidiomycota, whereas showed a two-phase effects on the Zygomycota,Fusarium, Pseudallescheria and Cryptococcus, namely, at low doses it promoted the metabolism, while at highdoses it had a negative effect;(3) arsenic and iron combined pollution caused significant differences in thefungi community structure in soils, and the effects of environmental factors on fungi community structure alsohad significant differences, the order was total arsenic and total iron. Therefore, during the mining process ofhigh-arsenic pyrite, the fungal community structure in the soil is affected to a certain extent, and it isnecessary to strictly manage the stacking of minerals and slag so as to avoid serious damage to the habitat ofvarious organisms in the soil.
作者
史晓凯
傅垣洪
程咏梅
刘利军
刘永杰
韩强
Shi Xiaokai;Fu Yuanhong;Cheng Yongmei;Liu Lijun;Liu Yongjie;Han Qiang(Shanxi Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resource,Taiyuan 030012;Shanxi Academy of Environmental Sciences,Taiyuan 030027;Shanxi Dadi Environmental Investment Holdings Co.,Ltd.Taiyuan 030002)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2018年第25期82-89,共8页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
山西省科技重大专项"煤化工行业有毒恶臭气体污染控制新技术研发与工程示范"(MH2015-07)
土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室开放基金项目"基于微生物固定有效态砷的农田土壤修复技术研究"(2015003)
山西省科技重点研发(指南)项目"主要农业生态区农业面源污染关键技术研究与集成示范-土壤重金属Cr生态健康风险评价指标体系及预警预报"(201603D21110-1-5)
山西省自然科学基金"农田土壤中DDT降解机理及植物微生物联合修复技术研究"(201601D102057)
关键词
砷
真菌
群落结构
丰富度
多样性
arsenic
fungi
community structure
richness
diversity