咖啡因防治早产儿支气管肺发育不良的研究进展

Progress of caffeine in preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

咖啡因是甲基黄嘌呤类药物，临床主要用于治疗早产儿呼吸暂停，但近年来发现，该药对降低早产儿支气管肺发育不良（bronchopulmonary dysplasia，BPD）的发生也有一定作用，可能与改善肺功能、提高拔管成功率及缩短呼吸机辅助通气时间有一定关系。进一步研究发现，咖啡因通过拮抗神经元的腺苷受体、抑制炎症介质、抑制转化生长因子-β1、抑制基质金属蛋白酶，在BPD防治中发挥肺保护作用。

Caffeine is a methylxanthine, clinically used to treat apnea in preterm infants.However, it has been found that the drug also has a role in reducing the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia（BPD）in preterm infants in recent years.It may be related to improvement of lung function, improvement of extubation success rate and shortening of ventilator assisted ventilation time.Further study found that caffeine could play a protective role in the prevention and control of BPD by antagonistic adenosine receptors, inhibiting inflammatory mediators, inhibiting the transforming growth factors-β1, and inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases.