论遗传资源的专利保护

On Patent Protection of Genetic Resources

由于生物技术通常是通过专利制度获得各种独占权的保护,故目前国内外热议的焦点在于如何在专利制度中加强对遗传资源的保护。虽然我国已加入《生物多样性公约》,但由于未将公约的内容落实于国内法律,因此面对国际生物侵权行为,只能从道德层面加以谴责。因此,对于我国来说,遗传资源的知识产权保护问题已日渐突出。鉴于此,我国第三次修改后的《专利法》新增了两款有关遗传资源的规定。但从国际公约在国内立法的具体落实角度及与其他外国国家关于此的国内立法相比,我国在此方面还有许多不足之处并需要立法完善。

Biotechnology is usually given a variety of protection of exclusive rights by the patent system.Therefore,the hot focus at home and abroad is how to strengthen the protection of genetic resources by the patent system.Though China joined the 'Convention on Biological Diversity',whose contents don't be regulated in domestic law.So we can only condemn international bio-piracy in morality.Therefore,for China,the intellectual property protection of genetic resources has become increasingly prominent problem.In view of the above,the third revision of China's 'Patent Law' adds two new provisions relating to genetic resources.But in this regard,there are many shortcomings and the need for Legislation on the concrete implementation of International Convention in national legislation and comparing to the national legislation of other foreign countries on this.This paper discusses these in detail.